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The control of urination is really important to measure how well your body is, the levels of hydration and general state of health. Therefore, it is more than necessary to expel all that fluid to avoid infections or complications. So, this time we will talk about dysuria . Do you know what it is about? Do you know if it can be controlled? To answer this and many other questions, do not stop reading until the end of the article, you will be surprised and surely you will learn a lot.
Going to the bathroom to urinate is one of the most normal and common actions of the human being, and not only that. It is also something healthy, since it is a natural cleaning method, typical of the body to eliminate toxins and bacteria in this way. However, many times this process can be affected, limited or impossible. Why?
What is dysuria and definition?
In a more clear and detailed way, dysuria is about the difficulty, pain or discomfort present during the evacuation of urine. Generally, these symptoms are usually presented by a stinging or burning sensation when urinating . In some cases, the pressure on the bladder can be so strong, as well as pain in the urethra. This urinary problem regularly affects women. However, it also tends to occur in some men and at any age.
How many types of dysuria are there?
- Total dysuria: it is thus determined when it occurs during the entire urination. In this case, it can be caused by a prostate tumor , a narrowing of the urethra, or bladder problems.
- Initial dysuria: it is also called delayed urination, and it refers to a difficulty in starting the urination process, which forces you to wait for a moment to be able to release the stream of urine. However, it does not always mean a disease, since this process can occur when the bladder is very full . Generally, this type of dysuria is very common in prostate hyperplasias, especially in prolonged retentions.
- Terminal dysuria: this type is generated when urination is abruptly and involuntarily interrupted. It generally happens when suffering from a urinary lithiasis , which is when the stone is embedded in the urinary tract and hinders the flow of urine.
Causes of dysuria in men
Dysuria is caused by irritation, inflammation or enlargement of the bladder trigone or urethra, which causes difficulty when starting urination. That is, release the first stream of urine, generating burning while urinating, causing frequent urination and with great pain.
In most cases, dysuria occurs due to a urinary tract infection. It can be in its lower or upper part , and in this last aspect, the concentration levels of the kidneys stand as the main reason for the urge to urinate frequently.
These are some of the reasons that cause dysuria in men :
- Cystitis or urinary infection : This is an infection in any part of the urinary system , such as the kidneys, bladder, or urethra. Although it is believed to be a solely female problem, it can also occur in men .
- Urethritis : This condition occurs when the urethra becomes inflamed, red and swollen, causing itching when urinating , as well as pain during intercourse or masturbation. It is of urgent attention when it is transmitted by sexual transmission.
- Cervicitis : it deals with the irritation of the cervix, which afflicts women of childbearing age, causing pain in the uterus, swelling and redness in the vagina. However, man can be seen to be infected through unprotected sexual transmission .
And there are other diseases and causes that can cause itching when urinating :
- Orquiepididimitis.
- Prostatitis .
- Urethritis.
- Contact with irritants or allergens.
- Interstitial cystitis .
- Reactive arthritis .
- Prostate cancer.
- Stones in the bladder.
- Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Medications for cancer problems.
- Gonorrhea .
- Surgical procedure of the urinary tract.
- Recent urological treatment.
- Kidney infection
- Kidney stones
- Soaps, perfumes and other personal care products.
- Urethral stricture.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms are very common in most urinary conditions, which will alert you to make a timely diagnosis and visit a specialist as soon as possible. Therefore, it is important that you take note of the most common symptoms that can indicate that something is wrong.
- Fever .
- Low back pain or discomfort.
- Burning and pain when urinating (Urine problems).
- Recent instrumentation of the urinary tract.
- Recurrent episodes of urinary tract infections.
- Known urinary tract abnormalities.
How is the diagnosis made?
Before applying a treatment, it is important to carry out a thorough diagnosis to determine the main causes of the problem and then treat it effectively . You will see the step by step of this diagnosis below:
- Know all the medical history: mainly, it is important to be aware of those symptoms that accompany dysuria in the patient, such as back pain, fever, flank pain, discomfort when urinating or more aggravated difficulty to be able to perform normal urination. In addition, check if the patient has presented urine with blood , a very concentrated color, such as red or orange, and with a bad smell. It is also important to know if the person with dysuria has had protected or unprotected sex, or if they have undergone surgery.
- Check personal history: it is important to know if the patient has presented other types of urinary complications or suffers from a prostate disease, has undergone any treatment with radiotherapy or pelvic surgery. Likewise, record if the patient is on a current medication .
- Physical exam: This evaluation is performed specifically on the urogenital tract. In this visualization, any secretion or lesions that may correspond to sexually transmitted diseases should be noted. For men, the digital rectal exam will be able to determine the size and consistency of the prostate . In addition, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the skin, the joints and even the mucous membranes, since this will help to corroborate if the injuries that could present are due to reactive arthritis , which manifests itself in conjunctivitisor gallbladder injuries. And to reinforce the analysis, it is prudent to palpate the flank, abdomen and back to monitor for pain in the area of the kidneys. Without forgetting that an external investigation in the area of the foreskin and the testicles will be very useful to reveal possible injuries to the penis; or if you have pain, swelling, or other discomfort.
What is the treatment for dysuria?
You must be very clear that the medical treatment used will depend primarily on the diagnosis, so it can vary from one patient to another, since the causes are diverse. Therefore, if you want to ingest a treatment, it is recommended by some specialists to perform a 3-day therapy with the following medications: Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim.
In some cases, treatment for sexually transmitted diseases is prescribed for men with symptoms and discomfort similar to those that occur during dysuria. Now, in the case of acute and intolerable dysuria due to cystitis, this can be alleviated with the intake of 100 or 200 milligrams oral phenazopyridine , 3 times a day between the first 24 to 48 hours.
It should be noted that this drug causes the urination to turn red and orange, so such knowledge should be had so as not to confuse the problem of dysuria with a urinary tract infection , because if a problem of this type occurs, the Treatment should be with a strong antibiotic and should be applied for 10 to 14 days.
Are there ways to avoid it?
It is possible to avoid suffering from dysuria if you take the pertinent preventive measures in time, especially against urinary infections, since they are very common and easy to spread. There are many causes and anatomical, hormonal and behavioral factors that can favor the development of an infection, such as diabetes , urinary stones, neurodegenerative diseases, vesicoureteral reflux and sexual activity without condoms.
Symptoms of cystitis can be: pain and stinging when urinating , bad smell of urine, presence of dark color or blood in the urine, fever with chills and general malaise. However, this may vary depending on the age of the patient and we will explain it to you below:
Young Men: The urinary tract infection is usually generated as a prostatitis, which may present as acute, with high fever, difficulty urinating, pain on urination, heavy feeling in the anus and genitals, or be a chronic problem with ejaculation disorders, blood in the semen, pain in the genitals and in the lower lumbar area.
Older men: This usually happens in adults over 50 years of age, as they are more prone to these types of urological complications. Symptoms are pain and stinging when urinating or, in some cases, inability to urinate, forcing a catheter to be placed in the bladder.
And although it is not a direct symptom of dysuria, it is possible that there is a nocturia within the condition, especially in elderly men. According to studies, 30 and 60% of men over 70 years of age tend to wake up many times at night to urinate and suffer from the annoying symptoms, such as burning when urinating.
This nocturia can generate after the deterioration of the storage capacity of the bladder due to benign prostate hypertrophy, overactive bladder, prostate or bladder cancer , reduced functional capacity of the bladder, as well as sleep disorders, Parkinson’s disease , anxiety or dementia.
Given this, it is recommended to urinate before going to bed , measure fluid intake at night, especially beverages with caffeine or alcohol. However, this will also depend on the recommendations of a specialist. It is important at all times to follow the recommendations of the specialists, since they are the ones who best know how to avoid this type of urinary disease.
Now, in the event of a urinary infection, it is possible to treat it medically with the intake of antibiotics, just as it is done if it were a female patient. Only, in the case of men, it is a much more complicated problem due to anatomical and local factors, so it is necessary that the consumption of this drug is carried out for a longer period of time, generally for 2 or 3 weeks to ensure the elimination of bacteria .
But the most important thing is that to avoid suffering from urinary infections and reduce the chances of suffering from dysuria, you just have to apply the following recommendations against cystitis.
- Wash the intimate area with water: it is very important that genital hygiene is done only with water, or if you prefer, with soaps that do not alter the genital pH.
- Avoid humidity: after each shower it is necessary to dry the genitals well, just like when going to the bathroom. Moisture is the favorite nest of bacteria that cause urinary infections.
- Clean yourself properly after using the bathroom: Genitals by nature store a lot of bacteria. However, in the case of the anus many accumulate, which move from the intestine and could continue towards the reproductive limb if a correct cleaning is not carried out from back to front.
- Drink a lot of water: when you urinate and verify that the liquid is clear or transparent, it means that you have good hydration, and therefore do not present urinary infections. So the main thing is to drink a lot of water, between 2 or 3 liters a day to completely eliminate all toxins in the urine.
- Urinate until the bladder is empty: it is recommended that each trip to the bathroom can be done without any hassle, as this will help you empty all the urine that may be in your bladder, and this will help prevent urinary tract infections. The normal thing is to be able to urinate every 4 hours in a day.
- Going to the bathroom after sexual intercourse: the genitals are organs that perform their cleaning independently and with their own raw material, that is, urine. So urinating after intercourse will allow this fluid to wash away all the bacteria that may have gone up into the urethra.
- Cotton underwear and loose clothing: Lycra underwear, or other types of synthetic fabrics, tend to absorb a lot of moisture in their absorption and create an oasis for the bacteria that cause urinary infections such as cystitis. The same is true of clothing that is very tight and tight.
Hello Readers, I am Nikki Bella a Psychology student. I have always been concerned about human behavior and the mental processes that lead us to act and think the way we do. My collaboration as an editor in the psychology area of Well Being Pole has allowed me to investigate further and expand my knowledge in the field of mental health; I have also acquired great knowledge about physical health and well-being, two fundamental bases that are directly related and are part of all mental health.